目前我(wo)國農(nong)藥產量很(hen)高(gao),針對農(nong)藥在(zai)使用(yong)過程中存在(zai)的一些問(wen)題,有(you)效的解決(jue)措施勢在(zai)必行(xing)。合理(li)施用(yong)農(nong)藥,嚴格遵守國家法律法規,嚴格控制藥劑的加水倍數,掌握好配(pei)藥技術(shu)的好壞,生產出安全、對人(ren)畜無(wu)害的農(nong)業(ye)產品(pin),提高(gao)人(ren)們的生活水平(ping)。
農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用量(liang)影響(xiang)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)的(de)防治效(xiao)果,在(zai)配(pei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)時(shi),加(jia)水(shui)過多,影響(xiang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)效(xiao),加(jia)水(shui)過少(shao),不僅浪(lang)費農藥(yao)(yao)(yao),還可(ke)能引起藥(yao)(yao)(yao)害和病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)抗(kang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)性的(de)產生。在(zai)配(pei)制(zhi)乳劑(ji)和可(ke)濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)時(shi),要先用少(shao)量(liang)的(de)水(shui)將藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)配(pei)成(cheng)漿(jiang)糊狀,然(ran)后再緩緩加(jia)入(ru)所需(xu)要的(de)水(shui),并不斷(duan)攪拌,使(shi)農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)充分溶解(jie),才(cai)能發揮(hui)農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)物理性能。
在用(yong)(yong)水時,要選用(yong)(yong)清水,污水中雜(za)質(zhi)較多(duo),容(rong)易(yi)堵塞噴頭。抓住施用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)害蟲(chong)(chong)的防(fang)治(zhi)適期(qi),農(nong)(nong)業(ye)上許多(duo)害蟲(chong)(chong)的發(fa)育一般要經過卵、幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)、蛹、成蟲(chong)(chong)四個階段,在昆蟲(chong)(chong)學上稱之(zhi)為完全變態類(lei)型。幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)是(shi)害蟲(chong)(chong)取(qu)食(shi)生(sheng)長時期(qi),防(fang)治(zhi)效果好,農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)易(yi)滲近害蟲(chong)(chong)體壁,取(qu)食(shi)量不是(shi)很大(da),幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)、成蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)防(fang)治(zhi)的關鍵時期(qi)。
噴藥(yao)(yao)過(guo)(guo)多,浪費農藥(yao)(yao),噴藥(yao)(yao)過(guo)(guo)少或不(bu)均勻,不(bu)周到(dao)(dao),防治效果不(bu)好(hao)(hao),需要(yao)重(zhong)視噴藥(yao)(yao)質量(liang),在(zai)保證質量(liang)的(de)前提(ti)下(xia),達到(dao)(dao)多、快、好(hao)(hao)、省地消滅病(bing)蟲害。應(ying)在(zai)無風(feng)的(de)陰天或晴天進行,將(jiang)要(yao)下(xia)雨的(de)天氣不(bu)宜施藥(yao)(yao)。如在(zai)有風(feng)的(de)天氣施藥(yao)(yao),應(ying)注意(yi)風(feng)向,如果風(feng)速過(guo)(guo)大,應(ying)停止施藥(yao)(yao)。